Effects of a pharmacist-driven intervention program on hospital readmissions

Abstract

Purpose. Results of a study to determine whether routine use of a multifaceted medication-focused intervention at a safety-net hospital was feasible and could reduce hospital readmissions in a Medicare fee-for-service population are reported. Methods. A quality-improvement cohort study of 1,059 admissions of 667 patients at an inner-city hospital was conducted. Patients in the intervention groups received some or all components of the multifaceted "Medication REACH" intervention, with direct pharmacist involvement from admission through postdischarge aftercare. A pharmacist reconciled medications, provided patient-centered education, collaborated with healthcare providers to optimize therapy, ensured access to medications, and followed up with patients at home as needed. Rates of unplanned readmissions within 30 days of discharge in the full-and partial-intervention groups and in patients who received standard discharge care were compared. Results. Among patients who received the full Medication REACH intervention, 30 of 305 admissions (9.8%) resulted in unplanned readmissions within 30 days, as compared with a readmission rate of 20.4% (110 of 538 patients) among patients who received standard discharge care (p < 0.001). Linear regression modeling, with adjustments for patient age, sex, ethnicity, and case-mix index, indicated an adjusted risk difference favoring the full-intervention group of 9.4 percentage points (95% confidence interval, 4.3-14.6 percentage points; p < 0.001). Conclusion. Rates of 30-day readmission were substantially lower with pharmacist involvement and collaboration with other healthcare team members during patient transitions from the hospital to the home setting.