While observational studies have found that alcohol consumption is associated with serodiscordant condomless sex among people living with HIV (PLHIV), no meta-analysis has yet examined this trend. We conducted a meta-analysis to synthesize empirical evidence on the association between alcohol and condomless sex with partners at risk of HIV acquisition. To meet inclusion criteria, studies: (1) specifically targeted PLHIV or provided stratified data for HIV-infected participants; (2) provided a quantitative measure of alcohol use; (3) provided a quantitative measure of condomless sex with serodiscordant partners; and (4) reported the results of statistical tests examining the relationship between alcohol use and serodiscordant condomless sex. Using random-effects models, weighted effect sizes were calculated. Three separate analyses were conducted to examine serodiscordant condomless sex in association with any alcohol consumption, binge/problematic drinking, and alcohol in a sexual context. A total of 36 independent effect sizes from 27 studies (including 25,065 HIV-infected participants) were pooled in the meta-analysis. Any alcohol consumption, binge/problematic drinking, and alcohol use in a sexual context were each associated with condomless sex with serodiscordant partners [OR 1.64 (95% CI 1.46–1.85); OR 1.65 (95% CI 1.14–2.39); OR 2.88 (95% CI 2.01–4.12), respectively]. Meta-analytic findings demonstrate a consistent positive relationship between alcohol use and serodiscordant condomless sex among PLHIV. Future public health programming for HIV-infected individuals needs to address the role of alcohol consumption in sexual risk-taking behavior.
CITATION STYLE
Przybyla, S. M., Krawiec, G., Godleski, S. A., & Crane, C. A. (2018). Meta-Analysis of Alcohol and Serodiscordant Condomless Sex Among People Living with HIV. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 47(5), 1351–1366. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1050-1
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