Nutrigenomics in breast cancer

Abstract

Environmental factors and genetic makeup play a central role in phenotypic appearance of a trait via central dogma of biology. Epigenetic, transcriptomics, and proteomics are the key players of the expression biology which make the difference in structure and function. Environmental factors include the various exposure factors by oral intake, air, and via the skin commonly. Several bioactive food components, including both essential and nonessential nutrients, can regulate gene expression patterns. Thus, nutrigenomics is providing the effects of ingested nutrients and other food components on gene expression and gene regulation, i.e., diet-gene interaction in order to spot the dietetic components having beneficial or detrimental health effects. Nutritional genomics (nutrigenomics), the junction between health, diet, and genomics, is influenced via epigenetic, transcriptomics, and proteomics processes of biology. Thus, it will help in determining the individual nutritional requirements based on the genetic makeup of the person (personalized diet) as well as the association between diet and chronic diseases like cancer, opening new vistas to understanding the complexity of breast cancer and leading to its better management.