Rocio encephalitis

Abstract

Rocio virus is an arthropod borne virus transmitted by mosquitoes, belonging to genus Ochleratus. The reservoir of the virus in nature is sparrows Zonotrichia capensis. The Rocio virus is transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes. The epidemic and epizootic cycle of the virus are not exactly defined. Clinical manifestations caused by Rocio virus, include of the disease included fever, lassitude, malaise, vomiting, lethargy, severe headache, dizziness, photophobia and expressed neurologic disorders. With the development of a coma, the disease progresses rapidly, about a third of patients with symptoms of coma die in 5 days after the onset of the disease. Permanent consequences manifest themselves n the form of paralysis and cerebral dysfunction specific means of prevention and treatment for Rocio encephalitis have not been developed. The organization of genomic RNA of Rocio virus and some others flaviviruses of Ntaya group are viewed in this article. The reservoir and the vector of transmission of the studied infectious agent are considered separately. The opinion was expressed that during the natural evolution of the Rocio virus the occurrence of a variant of pathogen, capable of introduction from an endemic region, is possible, that happened to the pathogens of Chikungunya and West Nile fevers. Possible outbreaks of Rocio encephalitis may lead to severe consequences for health care. Due to the possible spread of the Rocio virus from an endemic region it is necessary to develop effective diagnostic sets of reagents for the detection and identification of this pathogen.