Internet of Things-Based Fuzzy Logic Controller for Smart Soil Health Monitoring: A Case Study of Semi-Arid Regions of India†

Abstract

The human population continues to grow, and specific efforts must be made in order to meet foreseeable food demands. In this paper, it is suggested that an IoT-based fuzzy control system be used for smart soil monitoring systems. This study is based on the semi-arid regions of India. A fuzzy classifier is used to categorize the real-time data into three parameters, such as sodium, potassium, and calcium, based on the proposed model, which gets trained from a dataset and then chooses the optimal solution. The real-time data are collected from NPK sensors, which are suitable for sensing the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the territory, which helps in determining the fertility of the soil by facilitating the systematic assessment of the soil condition. With the aid of this system, a farmer would be able to monitor soil health in a real-time environment and also track the growth of their plants. Farmers will be able to enhance productivity while decreasing resource waste with the aid of an IoT-enabled fuzzy system. Experimental data have been collected from Mahoba district, Uttar Pradesh provinces in India, and the results show that the suggested system is a more reliable and precise concept used for precision farming that will certainly enhance the overall production of crops with better quality. These results obtained with the help of the proposed model system have been compared with the existing one with data accuracy that has been improved and well accepted.