From Design to Implementation: A Participatory Appraisal for Silvopastoral Systems

Abstract

Small-scale dairy farming in rural areas of Rio de Janeiro state is characterized by low levels of productivity, lack of technological innovation, and land degradation particularly due to overgrazing. A field study was conducted to identify the potentialities and constraints to adopt integrated systems pasture-tree-livestock (silvopastoral systems, SPS) to improve small-scale dairy farming in Italva municipality in the Northwest of the state. Qualitative and quantitative information on dairy production regimes as well as the willingness to adopt SPS was collected, based on semi-structured interviews. The present dairy farming system was analyzed and characterized. Additionally, an on-farm fodder bank trial plot, adapted to the local socio-environmental conditions, was implemented. The barriers for adoption and socio-environmental benefits for small dairy farmers were identified and analyzed. Lessons learned from this research such as the reluctance to adopt these systems due to the long-term investment return and the high costs for initial implementation show the need of expanding the dissemination of knowledge and implementation of SPS in the region. Research and trainings were integrated in participatory capacity building of farmers to provide adequate tools and concepts and support decision-making.