Social responses to offending

Abstract

Social responses to criminal offending were measured in the ISRD-2 survey in three different ways: (a) by asking victims of robbery, assault, or theft whether (and how many of) the offenses experienced in the last year became known to the police, (b) by asking offenders who reported having committed a certain offense during life-time whether they were detected the last time, and if yes, by whom (parents, teachers, police, and/or someone else); (c) by asking offenders additionally, whether they were punished the last time they committed a certain offense.