Effective Factors Contributing to Acceptance of People With Disability in the Society (Case Study: Shahrekord)

Abstract

Objective The present study tries to examine the effective factors contributing to the acceptance of peo-ple with disability in the society. Materials & Methods The study included 4058 disabled persons supported by Welfare Organization of Shahrekord (2474 motional-physical, 673 eyesight, and 911 hearing disability). According to quota sam-pling method, the statistical sample was 352, which consisted of 58 blind, 80 deaf and 214 motional-physical people with disability. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for gathering the data. Face validity method and Cronbach's alpha test were used for determining the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. The questionnaire was affirmed by advisor and experienced professor and by using Cron-bach's alpha method for variables of social acceptance of people with disability, social capital, family support, manner of spending leisure, presenting rehabilitation services, transportation facilities, mass media programs, personality characteristics and training, which were found to be 82%, 86%, 94%, 82%, 93%, 85%, 79%, 92% and 87%, respectively. Results Results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was a significant relationship among variables such as social capital, transportation facilities, manner of spending the leisure, presenting rehabilitation services, training and entrepreneur, social media programs, personality characteristics, family support and acceptance of people with disability (P<0.001). There was no relationship between variables such as type (P=0.108), history (P=0.531) and reason of disability (P=0.427) and acceptance of people with disability in the society. According to the results of variance analysis and t-test in terms of demographic characteristics of people with disability, there was no significant difference between gender (P=0.071) and age (P=0.498) and acceptance of people with disability. But, there was a signifi-cant difference between education level, occupation of people with disability, and their societal accep-tance (P<0.001). People with disability who were highly educated had a higher acceptance in the society. Also, there was a significant difference between marital status (P=0.032) and education level of spouse (P=0.046) and acceptance of people with disability. The most important effective factors on acceptance of people with a disability include social capital (B=0.240), family (B=0.198), type of disability (B=0.164), social media programs (B=0.163), transporta-tion facilities (B=0.159), and entrepreneur and training (B=0.129). Conclusion Acceptance of people with disability is necessary for their presence in the society and their social relations. We should provide the opportunity for their presence in the society and improve their life through creating proper conditions and possibilities. Use your device to scan and read the article online 3 ‫شماره‬ . 18 ‫دوره‬ . 1396 ‫پاییز‬ 203)‫شهرکرد‬ :‫موردی‬ ‫(مطالعه‬ ‫جامعه‬ ‫در‬ ‫ناتوانی‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫افراد‬ ‫پذیرش‬ ‫بر‬ ‫مؤثر‬ ‫عوامل‬ ‫حاضر‬ ‫پژوهش‬ .‫شود‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫ها‬ ‫آن‬ ‫مشکالت‬ ‫حل‬ ‫برای‬ ‫بیشتری‬ ‫تحقیقات‬ ‫و‬ ‫شوند‬ ‫حمایت‬ ‫روانی‬ ‫و‬ ‫جسمانی‬ ‫نظر‬ ‫از‬ ‫باید‬ ‫ناتوانی‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫افراد‬ ‫هدف‬ .‫پردازد‬ ‫می‬ ‫جامعه‬ ‫در‬ ‫افراد‬ ‫این‬ ‫پذیرش‬ ‫بر‬ ‫مؤثر‬ ‫عوامل‬ ‫بررسی‬ ‫به‬ ‫سازمان‬ ‫پوشش‬ ‫تحت‬ ‫ناتوانی‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫افراد‬ ‫نفر‬ 58 ‫و‬ ‫4هزار‬ ‫شامل‬ ‫آماری‬ ‫جامعه‬ ‫و‬ ‫است‬ ‫پیمایشی‬ ‫مقاله‬ ‫این‬ ‫در‬ ‫پژوهش‬ ‫روش‬ ‫بررسی‬ ‫روش‬ ‫شود‬ ‫می‬)‫شنوایی‬ ‫ناتوانی‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫نفر‬ 911 ،‫بینایی‬ ‫ناتوانی‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫نفر‬ 673 ،‫حرکتی‬ ‫جسمی‬ ‫ناتوانی‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫نفر‬ 474 ‫و‬ ‫2هزار‬ (‫شهرکرد‬ ‫بهزستی‬ 214 ‫و‬ ‫ناشنوا‬ ‫نفر‬ 80،‫نابینا‬ ‫نفر‬ 58 ‫ای‬ ‫سهمیه‬ ‫گیری‬ ‫نمونه‬ ‫روش‬ ‫اساس‬ ‫بر‬ .‫است‬ ‫نفر‬ 352 ‫با‬ ‫برابر‬ ‫آماری‬ ‫نمونه‬ ‫تعداد‬ ‫کوکران‬ ‫روش‬ ‫با‬ ‫که‬ .‫بود‬ ‫ساخته‬ ‫محقق‬ ‫نامه‬ ‫پرسش‬ ‫اطالعات‬ ‫آوری‬ ‫جمع‬ ‫ابزار‬ .‫شدند‬ ‫انتخاب‬ ‫تصادفی‬ ‫صورت‬ ‫به‬ ‫که‬ ‫حرکتیبودند‬ ‫جسمی‬ ‫ناتوانی‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫افراد‬ ‫نفر‬ ‫را‬ ‫نامه‬ ‫پرسش‬ ‫مجرب‬ ‫استادان‬ ‫و‬ ‫مشاوران‬ ،‫راهنما‬ ‫استاد‬ .‫شد‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫کرونباخ‬ ‫آلفای‬ ‫و‬ ‫صوری‬ ‫اعتبار‬ ‫روش‬ ‫از‬ ‫نامه‬ ‫پرسش‬ ‫روایی‬ ‫و‬ ‫اعتبار‬ ‫برای‬ ‫خانواده‬ ‫حمایت‬ ،0/86 ‫اجتماعی‬ ‫سرمایه‬ ،0/82 ‫ناتوانی‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫افراد‬ ‫پذیرش‬ ‫متغیر‬ ‫برای‬ ‫آلفا‬ ‫مقدار‬ ‫کرونباخ‬ ‫روش‬ ‫از‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫با‬ ‫و‬ ‫کردند‬ ‫تأیید‬ ،0/79 ‫جمعی‬ ‫های‬ ‫رسانه‬ ‫های‬ ‫برنامه‬ ،0/85 ‫وآمد‬ ‫رفت‬ ‫امکانات‬ ،0/93 ‫بخشی‬ ‫توان‬ ‫خدمات‬ ‫ارائه‬ ،0/82 ‫فراغت‬ ‫اوقات‬ ‫گذراندن‬ ‫نحوه‬ ،0/94 . ‫است‬ 0/87 ‫کارآفرینی‬ ‫و‬ ‫آموزش‬ ‫و‬ 0/92 ‫شخصیتی‬ ‫های‬ ‫ویژگی‬ ،‫فراغت‬ ‫اوقات‬ ‫گذراندن‬ ‫نحوه‬ ،‫وآمد‬ ‫رفت‬ ‫امکانات‬ ،‫اجتماعی‬ ‫سرمایه‬ ‫متغیرهای‬ ‫بین‬ ‫داد‬ ‫نشان‬ ‫پیرسون‬ ‫همبستگی‬ ‫ضریب‬ ‫آزمون‬ ‫نتایج‬ ‫ها‬ ‫یافته‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫افراد‬ ‫پذیرش‬ ‫با‬ ‫خانواده‬ ‫حمایت‬ ،‫شخصیتی‬ ‫های‬ ‫ویژگی‬ ،‫جمعی‬ ‫های‬ ‫رسانه‬ ‫های‬ ‫برنامه‬ ،‫وکارآفرینی‬ ‫آموزش‬ ،‫بخشی‬ ‫توان‬ ‫خدمات‬ ‫ارائه‬)P=0/427(‫ناتوانی‬ ‫علت‬ ‫و‬)P=0/531(‫سابقه‬ ،)P=0/108(‫نوع‬ ‫متغیرهای‬ ‫بین‬ .)P<0/001(‫دارد‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫داری‬ ‫معنا‬ ‫همبستگی‬ ‫ناتوانی‬ ‫مشخصات‬ ‫حسب‬ ‫بر‬ ‫تی‬ ‫آزمون‬ ‫و‬ ‫واریانس‬ ‫تحلیل‬ ‫های‬ ‫آزمون‬ ‫نتایج‬ ‫اساس‬ ‫بر‬ .‫ندارد‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫معناداری‬ ‫رابطه‬ ‫ناتوانی‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫افراد‬ ‫پذیرش‬ ‫با‬ ‫جامعه‬ ‫در‬ ‫ناتوانی‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫افراد‬ ‫پذیرش‬ ‫و‬)P=0/498(‫سن‬ ‫و‬)P=0/071(‫جنسیت‬ ‫بین‬ ‫که‬ ‫شد‬ ‫داده‬ ‫نشان‬ ‫ناتوانی‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫افراد‬ ‫شناختی‬ ‫جمعیت‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫معناداری‬ ‫تفاوت‬ ‫جامعه‬ ‫در‬ ‫ها‬ ‫آن‬ ‫پذیرش‬ ‫و‬ ‫ناتوانی‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫افراد‬ ‫شغل‬ ‫و‬ ‫پدر‬ ‫تحصیالت‬ ،‫تحصیالت‬ ‫بین‬ ‫و‬ ‫ندارد‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫معناداری‬ ‫تفاوت‬ ‫شغلی‬ ‫های‬ ‫گروه‬ ‫پذیرش‬ ‫میانگین‬ ‫همچنین‬ ‫و‬ ‫دارند‬ ‫جامعه‬ ‫در‬ ‫بیشتری‬ ‫پذیرش‬ ‫میانگین‬ ‫باالتر‬ ‫تحصیالت‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫افراد‬ .)P<0/001(‫دارد‬)P=0/046(‫همسر‬ ‫تحصیالت‬ ‫و‬)P=0/032(‫تأهل‬ ‫وضعیت‬ ‫بین‬ ‫همچنین‬ .‫است‬ ‫باالتر‬ ‫جامعه‬ ‫در‬ ‫ها‬ ‫بازاری‬ ‫و‬ ‫فنی‬ ‫کارمندان‬ ،‫پرستار‬ ‫و‬ ‫پزشک‬ ‫اجتماعی‬ ‫سرمایه‬ ‫ناتوانی‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫افراد‬ ‫پذیرش‬ ‫در‬ ‫مؤثر‬ ‫متغیرهای‬ ‫ترین‬ ‫مهم‬ .‫دارد‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫معناداری‬ ‫تفاوت‬ ‫نیز‬ ‫ناتوانی‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫افراد‬ ‫پذیرش‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬)B=0/159(‫وآمد‬ ‫رفت‬ ‫امکانات‬ ،)B=0/163(‫جمعی‬ ‫های‬ ‫رسانه‬ ‫های‬ ‫برنامه‬ ،)B=0/164(‫ناتوانی‬ ‫نوع‬ ،)B=0/198(‫خانواده‬ ،)B=0/240(.‫است‬)B=0/129(‫آموزش‬ ‫و‬ ‫کارآفرینی‬