PENAPISAN KHAMIR SELULOLITIK DAN XILANOLITIK DALAM MENDUKUNG PEMBENTUKAN BIOETANOL

Abstract

Awareness of the impact of fossil fuels and limited fuel stocks has encourage to find alternative energy sources such as bioethanol. In this research biomass lignocelluloses (cellulose and xylan) used by yeast to produce bioethanol through hydrolysis and fermentation. The objective of this research is to discover yeast isolates that have cellulolitic and xylanolitic ability and its potential to form bioethanol. 43 yeast isolates isolated form leaf, litter, and soil at Mekongga and Papilia Sulawesi, which are collections of LIPI Microbiology Culture Collection. Selection of yeast isolates using substrate medium Azurine Cross Linked (AZCL) for xylanolitic yeast and cellulolitic index measured by congo red method. Enzyme activity measured by DNS method. Ethanol concentration was measured using Gas Chromatography. PL.1.W.9 give highest cellulase activity at CMC and straw medium of 3.947 (mmol glucose/H) and 9.822 (mmol glucose/H) and PL.1.W.2 at filter paper medium of 3,958 (mmol glucose/H). PL.1.W.9 give highest xylanase activity at straw medium of 5,409 (mmol glucose/H) and Ple.6.DP.4 at filter paper medium of 2,411 (mmol glucose/H). PL.1.W.2 isolates produced the highest ethanol concentration in the medium straw and filter paper medium of 1.84% and 1.37%.