The relationship between global sleep score and inflammatory markers in obese adults from the United States

Abstract

Background: Poor sleep is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The underlying pathogenesis is not clear. Levels of inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), have been found to be elevated in patients with CVDs. Aim: The study aimed to investigate the associations between sleep quality and serum inflammatory markers in a cohort of obese adults. Methods: This was a second analysis of the data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study, a longitudinal study of a national (US) sample of adults. A total of 1255 participants completed comprehensive biological assessments. The associations between global sleep score and serum levels of inflammatory markers were analyzed. Results: Univariate analysis showed that a higher global sleep scorewas correlatedwith lower age (r = -0.079, P= 0.009), higher BMI (r = 0.100, P= 0.001) and heavier perceived stress (r = 0.335, P<0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the global sleep score was positively related to levels of IL-6 (SΒ=0.074, P=0.009), IL-8 (SΒ=0.089, P=0.002), TNF-α (SΒ=0.0.082, P=0.005), E-selectin (SΒ=0.071, P=0.016) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, SΒ=0.117, P<0.001) after adjustments were made for age, gender, race, marital status, education, current smoking status, physician-diagnosed CVDs and respiratory diseases, BMI and perceived stress. However, the global sleep score was not associated with serum IL-10 (SΒ=-0.021, P=0.463) and CRP (SΒ=0.035, P=0.059) levels after adjustments were made for these confounding factors. Conclusion: Poor sleep is positively associated with serum inflammatory marker levels among obese adults. Sufficient sleep may be particularly important for obese adults to prevent CVDs.