Perinatal Outcome After Intrauterine Transfusion in Rh Isoimmunized Mothers

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the fetal outcome after receiving intrauterine transfusion (IUT) in Rh-isoimmunized pregnancy in a tertiary care center. Study Design: This was a retrospective observational descriptive study in which all Rh-negative gravidas with isoimmunization warranting IUTs (40 patients) were analyzed during the period from January 1, 2010 to October 31, 2015. Primary outcome variables were fetal outcomes and procedural-related factors. Results: Forty pregnancies (13—hydropic, 27—non-hydropic) required 74 IUTs. IUT was performed at gestational age of 15.4–33 weeks when indicated. The amount of blood transfused ranged from 4 to 110 ml. There were two sudden intrauterine fetal deaths during the procedure, four post-procedure intrauterine fetal deaths in fetuses with severe hydrops, and three neonatal deaths. The overall survival rate was found to be 77.5%. Conclusion: IUT was found to be an effective therapy in correcting anemia in fetuses of Rh isoimmunized mothers. Early diagnosis of fetal anemia and intrauterine blood transfusion by an experienced fetal medicine specialist is very important for the perinatal outcome.