Activity of lysosomal exoglycosidases in submandibular glands of rats intoxicated by cadmium at doses related to human chronic environmental and occupational exposures

Abstract

Work in cadmium (Cd) smelter and smoking cigarettes damages teeth and oral mucosa which are protected by tissue and salivary glycoconjugates: glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans. We worked out a rat model imitating human "environmental" and "occupational" exposure to cadmium using 5 mg Cd and 50 mg Cd/l in drinking water, respectively. In submandibulary glands of exposed to Cd rats, we found the time and dose dependent accumulation of Cd and simultanous decrease in activity of β-N-acetylhexosaminidase (HEX). In homogenates of submandibulary glands of control rats, β-N-acetylhexosaminidase showed the highest activity. The activities of α-mannosidase and β-galactosidase were very low. None of these exoglycosidases were inhibited by Cd even at 44 mM concentration.