Applied Spectroscopy

Abstract

This chapter discusses the spectrophotometric measurements of specimens and to the indirect calculations of their solar spectral properties. Spectrophotometric transmittance and reflectance data can be used to calculate a specimen's protective power from conventional solar energy. Specimens must be measured correctly before spectral properties can be determined by calculation conventions. Scanning spectrophotometers require a number of important optimizing operations during calibration and sample runs. These operations ensure wavelength accuracy and a correct spectral bandpass to achieve good photometric accuracy. Hands-on sample and instrument procedures determine the value of a specimen's spectral data. Many types of geometrical errors are involved in even the simplest designs. Whereas an observer constantly views objects under changing conditions, a spectrophotometer is carefully assembled with usually one view of specimens. The instrument's view is restricted to specified industry standards that describe conventional optical geometries, sources, detectors, data acquisition, and calculation algorithms.