The unusual shortness of the bond length in several main group and transition metal compounds is explained on the basis of their π-alone bonding. The detailed electronic structure calculation on C2, HBBH, and Fe2(CO)6 shows that each of them has two π-alone bonds (unsupported by an underlying σ-bond), whereas B2 has two-half π-bonds. The C-C bond length in C2 is 1.240 Å, shorter than any C-C double (σ + π, in C2H4, C-C=1.338 Å) bonded species. The B-B bond distance in B2 (1.590 Å, two half-π bonds) is shorter than any B-B single σ-bonded (1.706 Å) species. The calculated Fe-Fe bond distance of 2.002 Å in Fe2(CO)6 is shorter than those of some experimentally known M-M single bonded compounds in the range of 2.904-3.228 Å. Here, our detailed studies on the second and third row diatomics (five, six, seven and eight valence electrons species) and transition metal complexes show that π-alone bonds left to themselves are shorter than σ-bonds; in many ways, σ-bonds prevent π-bonds from adopting their optimal shorter distances. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
CITATION STYLE
Pathak, B., Umayal, M., & Jemmis, E. D. (2010). σ-bond prevents short π-bonds: A detailed theoretical study on the compounds of main group and transition metal complexes. In Practical Aspects of Computational Chemistry: Methods, Concepts and Applications (pp. 165–181). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2687-3_7
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