Bacteriemia por Pseudomonas aeruginosa en niños: perfil de resistencia antimicrobiana

Abstract

: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is considered an opportunistic pathogen responsible of serious nosocomial infections. The increase in antibiotic resistance and, especially, its resistance to carbapenems, have placed this microorganism as a critical priority by the WHO for the emergence of new antimicrobial therapies. Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in bloodstream infections in a pediatric population of a third level hospital in Northern of Mexico. Material and methods: Cross-sectional, retrospective study in pediatric patients with positive blood cultures for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 2019-2020 period, at the University Hospital «Dr. José Eleuterio González» in Monterrey, Nuevo León. Blood samples were inoculated in the BACTEC system and cultured in conventional media. Microbiological identification was performed with MALDI-TOF and was complemented with biochemical tests in some cases. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined with MALDI-TOF. Results: A total of 26 isolates were identified in blood cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the period 2019-2020. Anti-pseudomonas cephalosporins resistance was documented in 19.2%, aminoglycosides (19.2%), extendedespectrum beta lactamases (11.5%), carbapenems (26.9%), quinolones (30.8%), piperacillin-tazobactam (7.7%), and up to 15.4% detection of MDR strains. The rate of bacteremia episodes due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in this institution is 0.37 cases per 1,000 day of hospital stay. Conclusions: The high rates of antimicrobial resistance in our hospital reiterates the urgent need to implement strategies for the prevention and control of