Femoroacetabular impingement

Abstract

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) results from abnormal contact between the acetabulum and the femur. Femoral-sided impingement, also known as cam impingement, damages the labrum and intra-articular cartilage as the aspherical femoral head reaches terminal range of motion. Pincer impingement occurs due to acetabular over coverage, which may be focal or global, and damages the labrum as the excess rim impacts against the femoral neck. Both cam and pincer impingementlimit hip range of motion and cause repetitive edge loading. This results in progressive labral injury, chondral injury, and hip degeneration that is irreversible [1].