Cubic Phases in the Gd 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 and Dy 2 O 3 -TiO 2 Systems for Nuclear Industry Applications

Abstract

Neutron absorbers are elements with a high neutron capture cross section that are employed at nuclear reactors to control excess fuel reactivity. If these absorbers are converted into materials of relatively low absorption cross section as the result of neutron absorption, they consume during the reactor core life and so are called burnable. These elements can be distributed inside an oxide ceramic that is stable under irradiation and thus called inert. Cubic zirconium oxide is one of the preferred materials to be used as inert matrix. It is stable under irradiation, experiments very low swelling, and is isomorphic to uranium oxide. The cubic phase is stabilized by adding small amounts of dopants like Dy 2 O 3 and Gd 2 O 3 . As both dysprosium and gadolinium have a high neutron cross section, they are good candidates to prepare burnable neutron absorbers. Pyrochlores, like Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 and Dy 2 Ti 2 O 7 , allow the solid solution of a large quantity of elements besides being stable under irradiation. These characteristics make them also useful for safe storage of nuclear wastes. We present a preliminary study of the thermal analysis of different compositions in the systems Gd 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 and Dy 2 O 3 -TiO 2 , investigating the feasibility to obtain oxide ceramics useful for the nuclear industry.