Green Three-component Synthesis of Merocyanin Dyes Based on 4-Arylideneisoxazol-5(4H)-ones

Abstract

A one-pot three-component reaction promoted by choline chloride: zinc(II) chloride deep-eutectic solvent (ChCl-ZnCl2 DES) in an aqueous medium for the synthesis of several merocyanin dyes based on isoxazol-5(4H)-ones is presented. This three-component approach is efficient, clean, experimentally simple, convenient, safe, and environmentally friendly. This reaction was performed at room temperature without using energy sources such as heat, microwave and ultrasound waves. Non-use of toxic solvents, available materials, one-vessel, no wasted reagents, simple preparation, and re-cyclability of DES are other important points of this method that is significant from the perspective of green chemistry.