Multidrug resistant bacterial isolates causing nosocomial urinary tract infection in a tertiary care hospital, Nepal

Abstract

Introduction: Nosocomial infection is becoming a leading problem in medical practitioners now-a-days placing an extra burden on individual patients worldwide. Nosocomial urinary tract infection caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens is a major threat of the patients in developing country which are increasing numbers in Nepal. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the etiology of nosocomial urinary tract infection caused by multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens. Methods: A total of one hundred twenty two bacterial strains isolated from the patients diagnosed of nosocomial urinary tract infection were studied during 2011-2012 at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH). Antibiotic sensitivity test was determined by modified Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion method as described by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Data were analysed by using SPSS version 17.0 software. Results: Nosocomial urinary tract infection was caused by Escherichia coli 51(41.8%) was found to be more predominant which was followed by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus baumannii (Acb) complex 19(15.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 11(9%) Enterococcus spp. 18(14.8%) and Staphylococcus aureus 11(9%). Of the total isolates, 74.6% was MDR which is much higher in Klebsiella pneumoniae 100% which was followed by Escherichia coli 90.1%. Conclusion: The emergence of MDR bacterial strains causing nosocomial urinary tract infection are increasing in number. The high prevalence of MDR has demanded the special attention to the management of such patients and prevention of dissemination of such strains into hospitals.