Esophageal atresia with or without tracheoesophageal fistula

Abstract

Esophageal atresia with or without tracheoesophageal fistula is a congenital anomaly resulting from abnormal embryonic development of the foregut. It is frequently associated with other congenital anomalies and genetic syndromes, most commonly congenital heart disease. Prior to the advent of surgical repair in 1941, EA was a universally fatal diagnosis. Current management strategies have now improved survival of EA to over 90%. This chapter reviews the diagnostic workup, associated comorbidities, operative considerations, and common postoperative complications related to esophageal atresia with or without tracheoesophageal fistula.