Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococci aureus: Mechanisms of Resistance and Clinical Significance

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus has remained one of the most impor- tant human pathogens since the time it was discovered. The unique characteristics of the pathogen, virulence, resistance mechanisms, adaptability, and volatile nature have all been areas of interest for both basic and clinical scientists all over the world. Interestingly, despite being discovered more than two centuries ago and studied ever since, this bacterium remains a mysterious and challenging pathogen that is responsible for both substantial morbidity and major mortal- ity. In this chapter we aim to discuss the basic epidemiology, clinical significance, resistance mechanisms, and treatment options for this pathogen and as well as the newer frontiers in infection control and prevention that are now developing.