Environmental effects of stone pits in Hatay (Turkey)

Abstract

Open pit operation type is generally preferred in mining operations due to its applicability on all operable exposed rock grounds, its minimum production loss and high production rate. Especially materials like marble, travertine, limestone, dolomite, calcite and granite are mainly mined by open pit mining. Mined materials are put through breaking, crushing and sifting processes in pit area or facilities established close by. Number of this type of open pit mines in our country has increased in recent years. Open stone pits in Hatay area in the scope of Group 1st, 2nd and 4th as defined in law and environmental problems arising in relation to these are covered in this study. At the first step, stone pit operations in the province were identified by using geology and topography maps, satellite images and field studies. Then, operation potentials and environmental problems arising in relation to these were determined by field studies and surveys and suggestions on solutions were introduced. In the abovementioned studies it is determined that there are up to 90 stone pit operations and businesses in the province area. Swift increase in the number of pits and businesses in last 15 years is noteworthy. Environmental Impact Assessment reports were issued for only 11 of the operations that applied for permits in this time period. Swift increase in the numbers of these pits and lack of concern for environment in their establishment have led to environmental problems caused by these pits; problems like dust, tremors and disruption of natural landscape. Detailed Environmental Impact Assessment reports have to be prepared and operations have to be inspected and carried out in accord with findings of these reports to decrease these problems. © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.