Clinical Characteristics of Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract, Minia District

Abstract

Background: Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are characterized by structural and functional abnormalities of kidney, collecting system, bladder and urethra. CAKUT identified in 20% to 50% of all fetal congenital anomalies and represent the cause of 40–50% of pediatric end-stage renal disease worldwide. Aim of the study: This study was performed to report the patterns and clinical presentation of infants and children with CAKUT. Methods: Patients with diagnosed with CAKUT, presenting to Minia University Hospitals over one year duration were investigated and categorized based on underlying renal structural/functional malformation and associated extra-renal anomalies. Results: this study revealed that the most common type of CAKUT detected was uretro-pelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). The commonest pattern of presentation of CAKUT was fever, and urological manifestation was only in quarter of cases, genital anomalies were the most common associated malformation and the most common complication was recurrent urinary tract infection. Conclusions: CAKUT is a clinically heterogeneous group of diseases with diverse clinical phenotypes. More efforts should be aimed at improving antenatal detection as well as classification with comprehensive reference to the clinical features of the diseases.