Concluding remarks

Abstract

In this concluding chapter, the authors summarize the main findings of the book, including answers to such questions as to why individuals leave their countries of origin, which is of the utmost importance if one seeks to respond effectively to this phenomenon. The authors also note, among other things, that there is no gap in international law when it comes to regulating foreign fighters, meaning that the norms enshrined in treaty as well as customary law provide, in principle, an effective and sound framework to deal even with an undefined and multifaceted phenomenon. However, problems might arise because of the further obligations imposed upon States by UN Security Council Resolution 2178 (2014), which supplemented the existing framework with an additional layer. Finally, the authors conclude that it is crucial to promote the coordination of plans, including sharing information and lessons learned, as well as to invest, to the maximum extent possible, in capacity building, prevention, education and reintegration. Instead of erecting a wall between ‘us’ and ‘them’, all the efforts undertaken must aim at building a bridge and fostering a culture of inclusion, solidarity, dialogue and trust among societies, countries and religions.