The Effect and Application of Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methyl Butyrate (HMB) Supplementation in Exercise Science

Abstract

PURPOSE: The effect of hydroxymethylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation on leucine is a major area of interest in exercise science. The present review aimed to investigate the various effects of HMB supplementation and provide guidelines for its practical use. METHODS: This review collected and analyzed previous studies on HMB supplementation from online databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library. RESULTS: Although studies suggest different results, this review found that HMB supplementation before or after exercise could have positive effects on body composition (muscle mass), exercise performance (strength and power, endurance), and recovery after muscle damage (creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase). In particular, HMB supplementation had a significant effect on resistance exercise, and in general, a daily dose of 3 g is recommended. However, the effects of combined HMB and creatine supplementation remain unclear. CONCLUSIONS: HMB can be a useful and effective supplement for athletes with various purposes and for ordinary people who regularly exercise. Further research should investigate several limitations of HMB supplementation, as suggested in previous studies.