Public participation geographic information sharing systems for community based urban disaster mitigation

Abstract

This paper presents the efforts by Boǧaziçi University, Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (BU-KOERI), Istanbul Community Impact Project in Istanbul, Turkey in piloting three innovative uses of geospatial information technology for community-participation in disaster mitigation. 1) The Neighborhood Geographic Information Sharing System provided volunteers with skills and tools for identification of seismic risks and response assets in their neighborhoods. Field data collection volunteers used low-cost hand-held computers and data compiled was fed into a geospatial database accessible over the Internet. Interactive thematic maps enabled discussion of mitigation measures and action alternatives. This pilot evolved into a proposal for sustained implementation with local fire stations. 2) The Basic Disaster Awareness Program Monitoring Facility involved collaboration between the Istanbul Community Impact Project and the Istanbul Education Directorate. School Basic Disaster Awareness instructors reported on dissemination of training using a web-based data entry application. The data was used to create a series of interactive Web-based thematic maps showing the geographic reach of the training program with hot links which allow the public to drill down to see local contact information. 3) The School Commute Contingency Pilot was designed to track school-bus routes in Istanbul, in order to stimulate contingency planning for commute-time emergencies when 400,000 students travel an average of 45 minutes each way on 20,000 service buses. Global Positioning System (GPS) data loggers were used to determine service bus routes displayed on printed maps highlighting nearest schools along the route. It is proposed that bus-drivers, parents and school managers be issued route maps with nearest schools that could serve as both meeting places and shelters. The system is designed to be in synchrony with the Istanbul Earthquake Early Warning and Rapid Response System housed at BU-KOERI. © 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.