One-pot synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles using lemon peel powder as a green and natural catalyst

Abstract

A simple one-pot four-component synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles has been achieved by the condensation of aldehydes, malononitrile, ethyl acetoacetate and hydrazine hydrate using lemon peel powder as a natural catalyst in ethanol under reflux condition. The advantages of this reaction are less reaction time, high yield, easy availability of the catalyst and green nature of the protocol.