Femoral Neck Fractures in Children

Abstract

Paediatric femoral neck fractures are uncommon injuries and are usually caused by high-energy trauma . Low-energy trauma can result in pathologic neck fractures and stress fractures of the neck, due t o repetitive activity. Surgical options can vary based on age, Delbet classification and displacement of th e fracture. Treatment for displaced fractures is by closed or open reduction and smooth/cancellous scre w fixation. Compression screw and side plate fixation is indicated for basal fractures. Fixation should b e supplemented by spica cast immobilization in younger children. The high rate of complications occurs du e to the vascular anatomy of the hip and proximal femur. Avascular necrosis, coxa vara, premature physea l closure, and nonunion are the most common and these often result in poor outcom