Effects of proteinuria on apolipoprotein metabolism disorders

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Proteinuria causes lipid metabolism abnormalities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 60 patients (M:F 32:28), mean age 37.15 +/- 9.85 years, with average glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 86.27 +/- 19.81 mL/min, and average BMI 24.18 +/- 2.23 kg/m2. Regarding the level of glomerular proteinuria, patients were divided into four groups. The first group, with proteinuria levels less than 0.25 g/24h, included 15 patients (M:F 6:9) (control group), average age 34.66 +/- 4.82 years, with mean GFR 99.70 +/- 12.94 mL/min, and mean BMI 23.28 +/- 3.50 kg/m2. The second group, with proteinuria between 0.26 and 1.0 g/24h, comprised 15 patients (M:F 9:6) with primary glomerulonephritis, mean age 37.87 +/- 9.65 years, with mean GFR 82.85 +/- 18.48 mL/min, and mean BMI 23.83 +/- 1.57 kg/m2. The third group consisted of 15 patients (M:F 8:7) with primary glomerulonephritis, with proteinuria between 1.1 and 3.0 g/24h, average age 35.67 +/- 13.29 years, mean GFR 82.85 +/- 18.48 mL/min, and mean BMI 23.83 +/- 1.57 kg/m2. The fourth group, with proteinuria over 3.0 g/24h, included 15 patients (M:F 9:6) with primary glomerulonephritis, mean age 40.40 +/- 9.75 years, with mean GFR 80.16 +/- 20.80 mL/min, and mean BMI 24.83 +/- 1.44 kg/m2. In order to assess the influence of proteinuria on apoprotein metabolism abnormalities we investigated apo A-I, apo B, apo E and the apo A-I/apo B ratio. RESULTS: Results were statistically analyzed using Student's t-test, and the Mann-Whitney U test. Statistically, patients with proteinuria over 3.0 g/24h have significantly higher apoprotein B and apoprotein E values in the serum, as well as apo B/apo A-I compared to control subjects, and patients with proteinuria around 0.26-1.0 g/24h and proteinuria around 1.1-3.0 g/24h. Proteinuria leads to deterioration of apoprotein abnormalities.