Experimental colitis models

Abstract

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are life-threatening chronic and relapsing disorders of the immune system affecting the lower gastrointestinal tract. Despite the considerable efforts of many researchers, much remains to be learnt of their causes and appropriate treatment options. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis comprise the majority of clinical IBD cases but differ considerably in terms of clinical representation and likely underlying mechanisms. As such, different animal models have been developed over the last 20 years to best characterize these diseases. It is widely accepted that DSS-induced colitis models ulcerative colitis, while TNBS induced colitis models Crohn's disease. More recently, these models have been extended to investigate the mechanisms underlying the reciprocal regulation of the neuro-immune axis, both in times of acute inflammation and post-inflammation, with the latter modeling aspects of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. We describe the methodology involved in setting up, maintenance and evaluation of these two models of colitis, both of which are simply and economically achieved in a standard laboratory environment. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.