Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic, incurable condition characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling, perivascular inflammation, and right heart failure. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) stave off autoimmunity, and there is increasing evidence for their compromised activity in the inflammatory milieu of PAH. Abnormal Treg function is strongly correlated with a predisposition to PAH in animals and patients. Athymic Treg-depleted rats treated with SU5416, an agent causing pulmonary vascular injury, develop PAH, which is prevented by infusing missing CD4+CD25highFOXP3+ Tregs. Abnormal Treg activity may also explain why PAH disproportionately affects women more than men. This mini review focuses on the role of Tregs in PAH with a special view to sexual dimorphism and the future promise of Treg therapy.
CITATION STYLE
Tian, W., Jiang, S. Y., Jiang, X., Tamosiuniene, R., Kim, D., Guan, T., … Nicolls, M. R. (2021, August 19). The Role of Regulatory T Cells in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Frontiers in Immunology. Frontiers Media S.A. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.684657
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