¿Existen nodulos coloideos tiroideos que no requieren puncion diagnostica?

Abstract

Depending on age, sex, and geographic area, 19 to 67% of the general population is found to have thyroid nodules when submitted to ultrasonically-guided diagnostic puncture. Being benign in more than a 80%, most of them corresponds to colloid nodules. Indiscriminate fine-needle aspiration not only increases health costs but also generates anxiety in patients. The echographic-histological correlation of thyroid nodules made it possible to define five typical patterns (colloid patterns 1, 2, 3; neoplastic type, and malignant pattern). Thirty three percent of colloid nodules may appear as follicular neoplasms or malign nodules, being puncture the only means for recognizing and establishing the difference between them. Nevertheless, 67% of nodules presents a typical appearance that corresponds to colloid patterns 1, 2, and 3, which show a weak association to cancer risk (0%, 0% and 1,5%, respectively). On this basis, ultrasound follow-up is advised to recognize them in order to significantly diminish unnecessary diagnostic histological punctures.