V900 Mon and Thommes' nebula: A new FUor in Monoceros

Abstract

Detailed observations of a recently recognized eruptive variable, V900 Mon, are presented. The star is located in the small cloud L1656, a little-studied region of modest star formation activity in Monoceros, and is presently at a magnitude of r 16, surrounded by a bright compact reflection nebula, where only a 20th magnitude star was seen on the red first-epoch POSS plate. Optical spectra show a red absorption-line spectrum not later than mid-K, and the Hα line and the Na I D 12 doublet display prominent P Cygni profiles with massive absorption troughs indicating a cool outflowing wind. Near-infrared spectra show deep CO bandhead absorption and pronounced molecular bands of water vapor indicative of a much cooler object. This spectral appearance is very similar to that of FU Orionis, except that V900 Mon has a much higher reddening of AV 13mag. The energy distribution of V900 Mon, compiled from non-simultaneous observations and thus dependent on possible luminosity changes, shows that V900 Mon is a Class I protostar with a massive cool envelope. At a distance of about 1100 pc, V900 Mon has a luminosity of 106 L ⊙ in the range of 0.55-160 μm. These data identify V900 Mon as a new member of the rare class of FU Orionis variables. © 2012. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.