Literature Review: Association of Iron Deficiency Anemia with Cognitive Function in Adolescents

Abstract

The prevalence of anemia in adolescents in Indonesia shows a high number with a percentage that is close to the category of severe public health problems. Anemia has an impact on the decline in cognitive function which in turn will affect intelligence, mental health, psychosocial, and the maturation process. A literature review study design by searching for research articles on the parameters of the relationship between iron deficiency anemia and cognitive function of adolescents aged 10-19 years using Google Scholar and ScienceDirect databases in the range of publication years between 2017-2022. 10 selected articles with 8 articles being conclusive and 2 articles being inconclusive, within parameters of learning achievement, school performance, concentration, cognitive response, cognitive behavior, irritability, expressed emotion, EEG, and mediation models In general, there is a significant relationship between anemia and cognitive function. However, this function itself has various aspects and measurement parameters so that further systematic studies are needed to find deeper patterns of relationships in a wider range of age groups.