Current Status of Research and Development toward Permanent Magnets Free from Critical Elements

Abstract

The current status of R&D activities and major results are briefly reviewed, mainly focusing on work reported since about 2010. Developments in and perspectives on less-Dy and Dy-free Nd-(Dy)-Fe-B-type permanent magnets, search and discovery of new hard magnetic materials, progress in the basic understandings of coercivity in hard magnets, and perspectives on anisotropic nanocomposite permanent magnets are overviewed.