Vesicular glutamate transporters 1 and 2 target to functionally distinct synaptic release sites

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Abstract

Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) 1 and 2 show a mutually exclusive distribution in the adult brain that suggests specialization for synapses with different properties of release. Consistent with this distribution, inactivation of the VGLUT1 gene silenced a subset of excitatory neurons in the adult. However, the same cell populations exhibited VGLUT1-independent transmission early in life. Developing hippocampal neurons transiently coexpressed VGLUT2 and VGLUT1 at distinct synaptic sites with different short-term plasticity. The loss of VGLUT1 also reduced the reserve pool of synaptic vesicles. Thus, VGLUT1 plays an unanticipated role in membrane trafficking at the nerve terminal.

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Fremeau, R. T., Kam, K., Qureshi, Y., Johnson, J., Copenhagen, D. R., Storm-Mathisen, J., … Edwards, R. H. (2004). Vesicular glutamate transporters 1 and 2 target to functionally distinct synaptic release sites. Science, 304(5678), 1815–1819. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1097468

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