Microbiological analysis of inanimate surfaces in an Intensive Care Unit and patient safety

Abstract

Theoretical framework: The hospital has close links with hospital infections due to the fact that inanimate surfaces can harbor microorganisms of epidemiological importance. Objectives: To microbiologically analyze inanimate surfaces in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU), as well as the resistance and sensitivity pattern of gram-negative bacteria found in these surfaces. Methodology: Cross-sectional, exploratory, prospective study with a quantitative approach. Sample composed of equipment/materials and furniture in direct contact with patients and professionals at the ICU. Data were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 17. Of the 49 samples analyzed, 24.4% were positive for multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Results: The following equipment/materials and furniture tested positive: respirator, infusion pump, stethoscope, bed rails and clinical outcome table. Bacterial isolates were 100% resistant to cephalosporins, carbapenems, quinolones, and nitrofurans, and 100% sensitive to polymyxins, glycylcycline and aminoglycosides. Conclusion: Inanimate surfaces in ICUs are sources of pathogens with high antimicrobial resistance and represent a challenge in ensuring patient safety.