Genitourinary system

Abstract

Choosing the correct imaging modality and specific imaging protocol in order to answer a clinical question related to the genitourinary (GU) tract is important. However, even with optimal imaging, radiologists need to be aware of the overlap between benign and pathological conditions. The major GU organs (adrenals, kidneys, ureters, bladder, prostate, and testicles) will be covered, with emphasis on common or key diagnoses for each. For example, adrenal adenomas have many imaging pitfalls related to computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), though knowledge of the physics of MRI can prevent potential pitfalls when assessing for fat in these lesions. The best imaging modalities to use for frequent clinical indications will be covered. In addition, common clinically relevant pitfalls, as well as strategies to deal with them, will be reviewed.