Optimization of the Voltammetry Method for the Quantification of Lead in Milk Using Electrode Rotary of Graphite Modified with Bismuth Film

Abstract

©The Electrochemical Society. Environmental pollution with metals, as lead (Pb), has resulted in the collateral contamination of certain kinds of food, such as milk. For some consumers, milk has the main nutrients for a healthy diet. Because of this, the development of new methodologies with short analysis times and low cost is important to ensure the safety of the consumer. The standard methodology to carry out Pb analysis in foods is the atomic absorption spectrophotometry, although it is expensive and sometimes the analysis times are high. New alternative methods for the quantification of this metal include voltamperometric stripping analysis. In this research, an optimized stripping method is proposed for the analysis of Pb in milk using a rotatory graphite electrode modified with a bismuth film, which after characterization and validation resulted to be equivalent to the official analysis methodology.