Towards the Creation of Be In/Be Out Model for Smart City with the Use of Internet of Things Concepts

Abstract

Constantly technological development based on the paradigm of the Internet of Things still gives rise to solutions to many complex problems. This article aims to present an initial concept of the solution to the problem of creating an effective system for the Be-In/Be-Out (BIBO) model. This system is based on technologies originating in the paradigm of the Internet of Things. Most ticket systems use technologies that require many manual interactions from passengers. However, with technological development, the society expects more and more comfort, also in the context of using municipal services. And the SmartCity concept gains in popularity year by year. This study proposes concepts of passenger detection in vehicle based on Bluetooth Low Energy technology combined with the user’s smartphone. The paper presents the smartphone- and BLE-based IoT solution for public transportation ticket distribution and fare calculation in the architecture of Be-In/Be-Out model.