Structural basis of O-GlcNAc recognition by mammalian 14-3-3 proteins

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Abstract

O-GlcNAc is an intracellular posttranslational modification that governs myriad cell biological processes and is dysregulated in human diseases. Despite this broad pathophysiological significance, the biochemical effects of most O-GlcNAcylation events remain unchar-acterized. One prevalent hypothesis is that O-GlcNAc moieties may be recognized by “reader” proteins to effect downstream signaling. However, no general O-GlcNAc readers have been identified, leaving a considerable gap in the field. To elucidate O-GlcNAc signaling mechanisms, we devised a biochemical screen for candidate O-GlcNAc reader proteins. We identified several human proteins, including 14-3-3 isoforms, that bind O-GlcNAc directly and selectively. We demonstrate that 14-3-3 proteins bind O-GlcNAc moieties in human cells, and we present the structures of 14-3-3β/α and γ bound to glycopeptides, providing biophysical insights into O-GlcNAc-mediated protein–protein interactions. Because 14-3-3 proteins also bind to phospho-serine and phospho-threonine, they may integrate information from O-GlcNAc and O-phosphate signaling pathways to regulate numerous physiological functions.

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Toleman, C. A., Schumacher, M. A., Yu, S. H., Zeng, W., Cox, N. J., Smith, T. J., … Boyce, M. (2018). Structural basis of O-GlcNAc recognition by mammalian 14-3-3 proteins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115(23), 5956–5961. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1722437115

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