Principles and methods of rice lepidopteroid Pest and its Enemy Management (PEM) program in North Vietnam

Abstract

The principle technological scheme of lepidopteroid rice pest and its natural enemy management (PEM) on an ecosystem basis is elucidated. The elaborated algorithm of rice agro-ecosystem management includes; (a) well grounded economic thresholds (ET) both for rice leaffolder and yellow stem-borer; (b) monitoring of number dynamics of lepidopteroid pests and their natural enemies; (c) decision making with employment of the standard survey forms; (d) registration of quantitative index - the zoophage efficiency level as an indicator of ecological resistance of paddy agro-ecosystem on rice pest injury, and its usage for lepidopteriod pest ET correction; (e) environment friendly tool set and tactics of lepidopteroid pest population management.The tactics of PEM program implementation allows to control of lepidopteroid pest populations (and secondary pests) and cutting down of the quantity of chemical insecticide treatments six times under the condition of the Red River Delta.