Goldilocks Procedure without a Vertical Incision and a Comprehensive Literature Review

Abstract

Background: The Goldilocks technique is a postmastectomy breast reconstruction procedure adopted in 2012, which is performed by preserving and de-epithelializing the residual mastectomy flap to create an autologous tissue breast mound using an anchor, inverted T, or lateral incision. It is utilized in select patients along with the addition of a free nipple graft, fat grafting, and/or tattoo. A novel technique using the Goldilocks procedure offers promising postoperative results as a more aesthetic alternative. The purpose of this study was to perform a literature review on the healing outcomes and patient satisfaction of the Goldilocks procedure along with presenting our approach using a horizontal inframammary incision without a vertical incision. Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients presenting to a single surgeon for breast reconstruction surgery using the Goldilocks procedure without a vertical incision from March of 2018 to October of 2020 was performed. A narrative literature review on surgical techniques and outcomes was also conducted. Results: Three cases of breast reduction using the Goldilocks procedure without a vertical incision are described. From the literature search, 13 articles inclusive of 222 patients were identified. Conclusions: The Goldilocks procedure without a vertical incision can be performed in patients with large breasts for breast reconstruction postmastectomy. It is possible to utilize the superior flap in conjunction with the de-epithelialized inferior flap of the breast and obtain good projection with this method. Furthermore, avoidance of the vertical incision reduces breakdown at the T-junction and is aesthetically beneficial.