Achilles tendon ruptures

Abstract

Achilles tendon ruptures are most frequently seen in active men in their 30s and 40s who are involved in sports that require frequent stops and starts. The injuries occur at an avascular region of the tendon above its distal insertion. The cause of rupture is multifactoral and includes tendon degeneration and fatigue. Symptoms include pain and a “pop“ at the heel. Plantar flexion is diminished. The Thompson or squeeze test is the most accurate test for assessing complete Achilles ruptures. Definitive treatment remains controversial. Surgical repair is recommended for young or active patients because there is a much lower chance of rerupture after surgery on these patients. Immobilization is an option for older, less active patients. In either case, return to function is dependent on physical therapy, and return to preinjury functional levels may take 6 to 8 months. © 1995 Aspen Publishers, Inc.