Biting pattern and seasonality of filariasis vector of mansonia spp. In endemic area of banyuasin regency, South Sumatera, Indonesia

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The diversity and biting activity of Mansonia can predict the incriminated vector and pattern of the mosquito behavior in establishing the vector control program. AIM: The present study aims to investigate the prolonged biting behavior of Mansonia spp. in Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera Province, Indonesia. METHODS: The investigation was conducted monthly from April 2017 to May 2018 using human landing collection method with six groups of collectors divided into two groups for indoor and outdoor conditions. Two villages, Sedang and Muara Sugih villages, were used as the representative of Banyuasin Regency since those two villages recorded as the endemic area of filariasis cases in Indonesia. RESULTS: A total of 4956 Mansonia spp. mosquitoes collected during the study comprising six species: Mansonia uniformis (40.37%), Mansonia annulifera (32.04%), Mansonia indiana (19.97%), Mansonia bonneae (5.28), Mansonia dives (2.14%), and Mansonia annulata (0.18%). M. uniformis (41.254%) and M. bonneae (45.490%) become the most dominant species caught in Sedang village and Muara Sugih village, respectively, and presented the higher biting activities in outdoor than indoor with biting peaked time at approximately 18.00–19.00. The study of biting activities also found the shifting of behavior activity where Mansonia spp. as the nocturnal mosquitoes had the high biting peak in the daylight time. In terms of biting period, there was no significantly period of high activity where the activity was fluctuated in all studied years. Furthermore, there was no correlation between the biting activity and rainfall level, indicating that the biting activity was not depended on the season. CONCLUSION: The results showed that Mansonia spp. potentially spread the filariasis vector all the years and the prevention action should be made all the year to suppress the high cases of filariasis in the Banyuasin Regency.