Arctic Search and Rescue: A Case Study for Understanding Issues Related to Training and Human Factors When Working in the North

Abstract

With increased development in Arctic regions (e.g., oil and gas, tourism, fisheries, shipping) the risk to the people in this region in case of emergency needs to be mitigated. Search and rescue in the Arctic is a critical but often ignored aspect of safe development in the Arctic. However, the logistics and training of Arctic SAR are very unique when compared to other regions. In this chapter we will review how the harsh environment of working in Arctic regions affects the ability of rescue technicians to perform the technical skills required for search and rescue. The chapter will be built around a 2013 investigative report of the death of a Canadian Forces Search and Rescue Technician that occurred on a mission near Nunavut. We will review the main points made by the investigative report and extrapolate what was learned about human factors issues related to working in Arctic regions that has application to all human activities in this region. The need for emergency procedures that are designed for Arctic operations will also be addressed. In summary, literature will be reviewed and based on this, recommendations for training, equipment and operational procedures will be made.