Anatomical variations in the left coronary artery and its branches

Abstract

Introduction Proficiency in the anatomy of coronary arteries and their variations is important for proper interpretation of coronary angiographies. The left coronary artery (LCA) commonly originates at the level of the left posterior aortic sinus and normally bifurcates into the anterior interventricular artery and circumflex artery. This study aimed to determine the variations in the LCA and its branches. Methods The study was conducted on 30 heart specimens. We observed the origin, length and branching pattern of the LCA and its coronary dominance. Results We found a short main LCA trunk in three specimens and a long main LCA trunk in one specimen. In two specimens, the division of the LCA led to three branches. With regard to 'dominance', one specimen showed left dominance while another showed codominance. Conclusion Variations of the LCA are clinically relevant, especially when a perioperative coronary perfusion or coronary arteriography is performed.