Scalp and Temple

Abstract

Five distinct layers structure the scalp: the skin, the connective subcutaneous tissue, the galea aponeurotica and the muscles, the loose areolar tissue, and the pericranium. In the temporal region, the layers increase in number and the fascial anatomy becomes more complex. The scalp and the temple are supplied by the superficial temporal, the supraorbital, the supratrochlear, the posterior auricular, and the occipital vessels. The rich vascular network that is formed allows for the design of a great number of versatile, random, or axial pattern flaps. Robust, predominantly rotation and transposition, flaps can be derived and used for the reconstruction of even the largest defects with safety.