Révolution et démystification dans la pensée de karl marx

Abstract

Marx's aim is to criticize capitalist economy from a scientific point of view. To do so, he operates within the field of classical economics, whose scientific aspect he fully acknowledges. The claim of science is to propose what are universal and necessary laws to which individuals can only submit. The scientific approach of economy thus reduces any protest to the status of a mere utopia. The entire Marxian criticism is based on a fundamental ontological decision which re-defines the subjective activity of the living individual agents as the source of reality, thus re-considering the theoretical field as an emanation of their real process. In this way, Marx highlights the mystification specific to theoretical logic. However he simultaneously discovers "the prosaically real, and by no means imaginary, mystification" inherent to the capitalist production apparatus, and which produces the "phantasmagoric form" of value. This explains why the Revolution, from both the theoretical and the practical point of view, can be defined as demystification.