Relapse of minimal change disease following the third mRNA COVID-19 vaccination: a case report and literature review

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Abstract

Mass vaccination is the most important strategy to terminate the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Reports suggest the potential risk of the development of new-onset or relapse of minimal change disease (MCD) following COVID-19 vaccination; however, details on vaccine-associated MCD remain unclear. A 43-year-old man with MCD, who had been in remission for 29 years, developed nephrotic syndrome 4 days after receiving the third dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. His kidney biopsy revealed relapsing MCD. Intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by oral prednisolone therapy was administered, and his proteinuria resolved within 3 weeks. This report highlights the importance of careful monitoring of proteinuria after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with MCD, even if the disease is stable and no adverse events occurred during previous vaccinations. Our case report and literature review of COVID-19 vaccine-associated MCD indicated that MCD relapse tends to occur later after vaccination and slightly more often following the second and subsequent vaccine doses than new-onset MCD.

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APA

Teragaki, M., Tanaka, M., Yamamoto, H., Watanabe, T., Takeoka, J., Fukumi, A., … Takeoka, H. (2024). Relapse of minimal change disease following the third mRNA COVID-19 vaccination: a case report and literature review. CEN Case Reports, 13(1), 53–58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13730-023-00798-3

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